KERALA PSC TRACER, SOIL SURVEY & SOIL CONSERVATION PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTION PAPER - 158/2016 ( 100 )

KERALA PSC TRACER, SOIL SURVEY & SOIL CONSERVATION PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTION PAPER - 158/2016 

Below are the syllabus and scanned copy of kerala psc civil engineering technical exam question paper for TRACER question code 158/2016 in SOIL SURVEY & SOIL CONSERVATION department conducted in 2014. This is an all in one platform for kerala psc civil engineering technical exams. there are notes, previous year question papers, quizzes and other study materials useful for civil engineering technical exam aspirants. Make sure to check everything out.

question papers have been collected from kerala psc official website : https://www.keralapsc.gov.in/

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SYLLABUS

Maximum Marks : 100

Duration : 1 Hour minutes

Medium of Question : English

Mode of Exam : OMR/ONLINE

(Objective Multiple Choice)

Surveying 

Chain Surveying-terms- Instruments (including Instruments to set out right angles), Types of ranging, Direct ranging and indirect ranging - Chaining along sloping ground, Sources of Errors in survey(Mistakes, Systematic errors, Accidental Error), Most Probable Value, Errors in Chaining, Tape Corrections, Degree of accuracy in chaining, Chain Triangulation, Field book, Problems in Chaining Plane table survey - Instruments, Working operation, Systems of plane tabling Compass survey-Units of angle measurement, Instruments, WCB & RB, Forward Bearing and Backward Bearing(Problem), Features of Magnetic Compass(Surveyor, Prismatic and Transit) - Temporary and Permanent adjustment, Magnetic Declination(Definitions), Local attraction, Dip, Errors in Compass Survey Theodolite - General, Definitions (based on of instrument and working operations), Temporary adjustment, Measurement of horizontal angle and vertical angle, Sources of errors in theodolite Traversing - Methods of Traversing, Checks in traverse, Principle methods of plotting, Latitude and Departure, Closing error, Balancing the traverse, Degree of accuracy Tachometer Surveying -Instruments, systems of tacheometric measurements, substense bar, reduction of stadia notes and EDM Levelling –Definitions, Methods of Levelling (Direct, Indirect, Trignometric, Hypsometry), Levelling Instruments - HI method and Rise and fall method, Defects in lens and characteristics, Degree of Precision Contouring - Terms and definitions, contour interval, characteristics of contour, methods of locating contour, interpolation, Calculation of Area and VolumeMass haul diagram Curves - Types, Definitions and Notations, Designation, Elements of Simple Curve, Methods of Setting out Advanced Survey - Total station- Hydrographic Survey - Astronomical Survey - Photogrammetry 

Mechanics 

Simple mechanics- load and effort, Mechanical advantage, velocity ratio, efficiency, work, power and energy, simple stress and strain, friction, shear force and bending moment, speed and velocity 

RCC 

Cement- Definition, IS codes for types of cement, Grades of cement, Classification Fine aggregate-Definition, Function, Sources, Types, Bulking of sand, Fineness modulus, Coarse aggregate – Definition, function, sizes Water – Definition, Mixing, Curing, pH value, permissible limits of solids Admixtures – Definition, Types, examples Reinforcement – Characteristics needed, types-IS code, Characteristic strength (fy), Yield Stress, Permissible stress table, Weight of bars, Bending of bars, Cranking of bars, Overlapping of bars, Anchorage value. Concrete- Grades of concrete, Types of mix, Proportions in concrete, Minimum grade of concrete, Workability – Factors affecting, Test for workability – Slump, Compaction factor, Vee bee Consistometer 

Estimation 

Purpose of estimate - Sanctions required-Administrative sanction - Technical Sanction - Financial sanction - Different types of estimates - Preliminary Estimate - Per unit basis estimate – Plintharea estimate - Cube rate or Cubical content estimate - Approximate quantity method - Detailed Estimate - Abstract estimate - Revised estimate - Supplementary estimate - Supplementary and revised estimate - Annual repair or maintains estimate-Technical terms: Contingency Work charged establishment staff or security - Tools and plants- Centage charge or departmental charge - Electrification - Plumbing and - Fittings - Sub head item of works - Sub work - Schedule of rates - Data book - Cost index - PRice - Bill of quantity - Day work - Plinth area - Floor area - Circulation areas- Carpet area - Capital cost- Initial lead - Initial lift- Method of estimates- Longwall short wall methods- Total Centre to centre line method- Standard units - Deduction - Cement concrete -Brick works- Plastering - Quantity calculation - Cement concrete using 40mm broken stone- Cement concrete using 20 mm broken stone - Plastering - Rubble masonry - Brick masonry - Roof covering materials Valuation - Introduction - What is Valuation - Purpose of Valuation - Valuer - Value - Cost - Price Technical terms: Gross income - Sinking fund - Outgoing - Net income - Deferred income - Salvage value - Scrap value - Market value - Factors affecting market value - Book value - Assessed value - Distress value of forced sale value - Following - Potential value - Sentimental value - Accommodation value - Reversionary value - Capitalized value - Years purchase - Depreciation - Obsolescence - Annuity - Annuity certain - Annuity due -Perpetual annuity - Deferred annuity - Rent - Free hold property - Free holder - Lease hold property - Mortgage - Mortgagee - Mortgagor - Mortgage deed - Equity redemptionEasement - Dominant owner: - Servient owner 

Building materials and construction 

Bricks-Composition, Harmful ingredients, Manufacture of brick, Qualities of brick, Test on bricks, Size and weight of brick, classification, classification based on shape of bricks-Fire bricks and its classifications Stones- Introduction , Classification of rocks- geological, chemical and physical, Rock forming minerals- and sedimentary rocks, Texture of a rock, Fracture of a rock, Test for stones, Qualities of good building stones, Quarrying, Methods of quarrying,Materials for Blasting- Cement-Introduction, History, composition of ordinary cement, Setting action of cement, Manufacturing process, Field tests, laboratory tests, Storage of cement, Types of cement Ceramic materials- Ceramics, clay products, tiles- common tiles and encaustic tiles, Teracotta, Earthernware, Stoneware, Porcelain, Refractories, glazing Lime- Introdution, definitions, Classification of binding materials, sources of lime, Classification of lime, IS classifications, Manufacturing process Glass- Properties of glass, Types of glass, Manufacturing process, Treatment of glass, Special varieties of glass Paints- characteristics, PVCN, Ingredients in a paint, Types of paint, Defects in painting, Varnishes- characteristics, ingredients, types of varnishes, Distempers Timber- Introduction, classification of trees, Structure of a tree, Macrostructure, microstructure, seasoning of timber, Preservation of timber, Defects in timber, qualities, Storage of timber, market forms of timber, industrial timber Ferrous metals- introduction, Iron ores- Pig iron-manufacturing process, essential parts of blast furnace, properties, uses, types of castings, defects, characteristics, Wrought iron- properties, manufacturing process, defects and uses Steel- Introduction, Manufacturing process, uses, Factors affecting physical properties, Magnetic properties, Defects in steel, Properties of mild steel and hard steel, Mechanical treatment of steel, Heat treatment process, Market forms of steel, Non ferrous metals- Aluminium, Cobalt, copper, Lead, Magnesium, Nickel, Tin, Zinc, Alloys of Aluminium, Magnesium, Nickel Mortar- General, Sand, Natural sources of sand, Classification of sand, Properties of good sand, classification of mortars Stairs- Definitions, Technical terms, Types of stairs, Ramps, Moving stairs, Requirements Doors and Windows- Definitions, Types of doors, Types of windows, standard data's, Hinges Roofs- Definitions, Types of roofs Floors and floorings- Definitions, Types of floorings, Factors affecting the choice of  flooring material, Materials used for flooring Plastering, Types of pointing, Types of plastering, Damp proof courseIntroduction, Causes, Effects, Material used for damp proofing, Termite proofing Carpentry and joinery-Definitions, Classification of joints- Lengthening joints, widening joints, Angle joints, Oblique shouldered joints Scaffolding- Definitions, Types, Shoring- Definitions, types Foundation- Basics- classification- shallow foundation- Deep foundationCofferdams- Definitions, Types, Caissons- uses and types Plastics- Types, properties Arches- technical terms, classification- shape, no of centre, workmanship material lintels- Types Brick masonry- Technical terms- Bond- 10 types- connections Stone masonry- Technical terms- joints- masonry- rubble, ashlar- reinforced brick work- cavity walls- composite masonry 

Graphics 

Definition - Drawings prepared by engineers are of engineering objects - Graphical representation of physical objects - IS codes - Drawing instrumentsDrawing sheets - Drawing board - T –square - Set square - Protractor -Engineering scale set - Instrument box - Compass - Large bow compass - Spring bow compass - Drop spring bow compass - Divider - Large bow divider - Small bow divider - Drawing pencils - Erasing shield - Template - Stencil - French curves - Flexible curve - Lines - Type of lines Lettering - Types of lettering - Size of lettering - Dimensioning - Types of dimensioning - Elements of dimensioning - Arrangements of dimensioning - Methods of indicating dimensional values - Shape indications Conic sections - Types of conic sections - Miscellaneous curves - Plane curves - Types Space curves - Types- Systems of projections - Planes of projections- First angle projection - Third angle projection - Symbols of projections - Projection of points - Projection of lines - Miscellaneous curve - Projections 

Railway 

Introduction, History, Railway zones, Permanent way– requirements of an ideal permanent railway, capacity of a railway track, gauges, Rails – Functions, Requirements of rails, Types of rail sections, length of rails, corrugated rails, hogged rails, kinks in rails, buckling of rails, rail failures, wear on rails, rail joints and its types, creep of rails, welding of rails – methods of welding of rails, length of welded rails Coning of wheel, Tilting of rail, Adzing of sleepers, Sleepers – Functions of sleepers, Classification of sleepers and its advantages and disadvantages, size of sleepers. Sleeper density, Spacing of sleepers Ballast – Functions of ballast, Types of ballast, size and section of ballast Track fittings and fastenings – Fishplates, Spikes, Bolts, Chairs, Keys, Bearing plates Plate laying – Definition and its methods, Problem, Technical terms – Weighing bridges, Loading gauges, End loading ramps, Engine sheds or loco sheds, Ash pits - Station – Types of stations, Yards – Types of yards, Track maintenance, Track junctions Geometric design of the track – Gradient, Types of gradient, Grade compensation, Problems, Super elevation or Cant, Equilibrium speed, Cant deficiency, Cant excess, Negative super elevation, Types of curves, Types of transition curves, Length of transition curves--- Examination pits, Drop pits, Triangle, Turn table, Traverser, Scotch block, Fouling marks, Buffer stops, Sand hump, Sidings, Loop --Points and crossings – Definition, Necessity of points and crossings, Technical terms and its arrangements Signals – Classification of signals, Interlocking, Track circuiting 

Water Resources engineering

Water requirement of crops - Crop season - Classification of crops - Consumptive use - Efficiencies Duty - Delta - Layout of Distribution system - Design of canals - Non-alluvial canals Cross Drainage work - Canal over Drain - Drain over Canal - Canal & Drain in same level Methods of Irrigation - Surface - Sub-surface & Sprinkler irrigation Diversion Head works - Weirs – Components Spillways – Types 

Hydraulics 

Properties of fluid Mass density, Specific gravity, Specific volume, Specific gravity, Viscosity, Compressibility, Surface tension & capillarity Measurement of pressure- Fluid pressure at a point, Variation of pressure in a fluid, Pascal's Law, Atmospheric, Absolute, Gauge and Vacuum pressure, Measurement of pressure Type of Hydraulic energy 

Workshop calculations 

Units – British, MKS, SI Units – and their conversions – Length, area, Volume, Mass and Time – Definition of Mass, Weight, Density, Specific Gravity – Determination of Sides and area of triangles, polygons, Circles, segment and sections – surface area and volume of cubes, cylinder, prism, pyramid, cone, sphere – Sympson’s Rule – Application – Area of ellipse – Simple Problems. 

Building by-laws 

function of local authority-study of KBR, compare bye – laws published in National building Code Applying building bye-laws in the design and layout of buildings referring KBR and NBC and local bodies- Master plan -objects – necessity-features-drawings to be prepared principles and techniques of planning roads, streets and other service lane. 

Public health and sanitation 

Public health and sanitation, house drainage and system of plumbing, Sanitary fittings, Treatment of sewage from residential building, drainage plan of a  building, water supply engineeringsewer appurtenances 

Transportation Engineering

Objects-Planning principles-classification of urban roads-through and bye-pass roads-outer and inner roads-expressways-freeways-types of street systemsprecinct-traffic management- objects-traffic congestion- traffic control- road junctions, planning principles- classification of junctions –parking- traffic capacity of roads - problems-causes of accidents traffic signals-signs-markingslighting. Principles, necessity and objectives of Town planning its Representation, origin and growth of town-natural and planned-horizontal and vertical-stages in town development – define city, district unit, Municipality, neighborhood unit – distribution of land uses-zoning – objects and Principlesadvantage- classification – use zones, height zones and density zones – density – net and gross – local density –calculation. 

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