SURVEY BASICS

SURVEYING :

•Process of determining relative position of a point

PRINCIPLES OF SURVEYING


•Location of a point from 2 points of reference
•Working from whole to part

PRIMARY CLASSIFICATION OF SURVEYING 


I.Plane survey


•Curvature of earth is not considered
•Level lines – straight , plumb lines – parallel
•Area to be measured <260 km2
•Area divided into triangles – plane triangles

II.Geodetic survey


•Curvature of earth is considered
•Area to be measured >260 km2
•It is also known as Trigonometrical survey
•The difference in length between the Geodetic survey and the plane survey, for measuring 18.2 km, is only 10 cm


CLASSIFICATION OF SURVEY

BASED ON FIELD OF SURVEY

I.LAND SURVEY

•Topographical survey
•City survey
•Cadastral survey

II.MARINE / HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEY

III.ASTRONAMICAL SURVEY



BASED ON PURPOUSE OF SURVEY


I.ENGINEERING SURVEY

II.MINE SURVEY

III.ARCHEOLOGICAL SURVEY

IV.MILLITARY SURVEY

V.GEOLOGYCAL SURVEY


BASED ON INSTRUMENT USED


I.CHAIN SURVEY

II.THEODOLITE SURVEY

III.PLANE TABLE SURVEY

IV.TACHOMETRIC SURVEY

V.TRAVERSE SURVEY

VI.TRIANGULATION SURVEY

BASED ON FIELD OF SURVEY


LAND SURVEY


I.TOPOGRAPHICAL


•Horizontal and vertical location of a point by linear and angular measurements
•To determine natural features like river, lake , hills, streams, mountains etc..

II.CADASTAL SURVEY


•To fix the boundaries of property

III. CITY SURVEY

•Construction of streets, water lines, sewers


HYDROGRAPHIC / MARINE SURVEY

•Study of water bodies for navigation, water supply, harbor works
•Sounding is used for surveying



ASTRONOMICAL SURVEY

•Study of heavenly bodies


BASED ON PURPOSE OF SURVEY


I.ENGINEERING SURVEY

•Used for design of engineering works like roads, reservoirs etc.

1.Reconnaissance survey : to determine the feasibility and rough cost

2.Preliminary survey : collecting more precise data , best location , exact estimate

3.Location survey : setting out the work on the ground

II. MILLITARY SURVEY
•Determine points of strategic importance

III. MINE SURVEY
•For exploring mineral wealth

IV. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
•Determine different strata

V. ARCHEOLOGICAL SURVEY
•Used for unearthing relics of antiquity



ALL KERALA PSC PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS ASKED FROM THE TOPIC SURVEY BASICS 
( 30 QUESTIONS )

SURVEY BASICS PART 1 & PART 2

video below has questions based on the topic, time will be 15 seconds for each question 



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