CLAY PRODUCTS

TILES 

• thin slab of brick burned in kiln 

1. COMMON TILES : used for paving roofing flooring 

2. ENCAUSTIC TILES : used for decorative purpose in floors, walls, ceilings 

COMMON TILES 
• Manufacture steps 
i. Preparation of clay 
ii. Molding 
iii. Drying 
iv. Burning : sial kote kiln for 72 hrs @ 1300*c 

TYPES OF COMMON TILES 

1. DRAIN TILES : porous , used in irrigation 

2. FLOOR / PAVING TILES : used in paving 

3. ROOF TILES : covering pitched roof 

i. ALAHABAD TILES : have projections used for interlocking 

ii. CORRUGATED TILES : has corrugations on surface 

iii. FLAT TILES : ordinary 

iv. FLEMISH TILES : shape of letter S 

v. GUNA TILES : hollow tapered, conical in shape 

vi. MANGALORE TILES 
a. CLASS AA 
b. CLASS A 



vii. POT TILES / LOCKING TILES : ordinary half round country tiles 

viii. PAN TILES : short & heavy 

ix. ENCAUSTIC TILES : 3 layers - body, face, back


TERRACOTTA 
• Baked earth 
• Baked in muffle furnace @ 1200*c for 4 days 

i. Porous terracotta : adding saw dust to clay 

ii. Polished / fine terracotta / faience 
• Burned at low temp (650*c - process called biscuiting ), then at high temp 1200*c 
• Soft porous , when glazes become impervious 
• Used for drain pipes 


STONE WARE 
• Prepared form refractory clay 
• Burned at high temp, cool down slowly 
• Impervious, strong, durable 
• Used in wash basins, water closet, sewer pipes etc 


PORCELAIN/WHITE WARE 
• Used as electric insulators i. Low voltage ii. High voltage 

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

UNITS OF MEASUREMENTS, PAINTING COEFFICIENT, OUT TURN, QUANTITY CALCULATION

Image
  DEDUCTION  • MASONRY : < 0.1 m2 - no deduction  • PLASTERING :  < 0.5 m2 - no deduction  0.5 - 3 m2 - one side deduction  > 3 - both side deduction  • End of beams, rafters, purlins < 0.05 m2 - no deduction  • Bearing of floors, roof slabs etc. - no deduction DIGREE OF ACCURACY  • Volume - 0.01 m3  • Area - 0.01 m2  • Dimension - 0.01 m  • Weight - 1kg  QUANTITY CALCULATION  PCC  • Maximum size of aggregate 40 mm  • For 1 m3 PCC - 0.95 m3 coarse aggregate is required  RCC  • Maximum size of aggregate 20 mm  • For 1m3 RCC - 0.90 m3 coarse aggregate is require  RCC For 1:1.5:3  Wt of cement = (1/3) x 0.90 x 1440 = 432 kg  Wt of sand = (1.5/3) x 0.90 x 1600 = 747 kg  PCC For 1:4:8  Wt of cement = (1/8) x 0.95 x 1440 = 171 kg  Wt of sand = (4/8) x 0.95 x 1660 = 760 kg PLASTERING  1:3 - 0.14 m3 / 10 m2 (sand) cement = (1/3) x 0.14 x 1440 = 67 kg  1:4 - 0.15 m3 / 10 m2 (sand) cement = (1/4) x 0.15 x 1440 = 54 kg  1:5 - 0.15 m3 / 10 m2 (sand) cement = (1/5) x 0.15 x 1440 = 43 kg
Read more

MACHINE TOOLS - SHAPER MACHINE

Image
The shaper is a machine tool used primarily for:  1. Producing a flat or plane surface which may be in a horizontal, a vertical or an angular plane.  2. Making slots, grooves and keyways  3. Producing contour of concave/convex or a combination of these Working Principle: The job is rigidly fixed on the machine table. The single point cutting tool held properly in the tool post is mounted on a reciprocating ram. The reciprocating motion of the ram is obtained by a quick return motion mechanism. As the ram reciprocates, the tool cuts the material during its forward stroke. During return, there is no cutting action and this stroke is called the idle stroke. The forward and return strokes constitute one operating cycle of the shaper.  Construction: The main parts of the Shaper machine is Base, Body (Pillar, Frame, Column), Cross rail, Ram and tool head (Tool Post, Tool Slide, Clamper Box Block). Base:  - The base is a heavy cast iron casting which is fixed to the shop floor.  - It supports
Read more

OPEN QUIZ RANKLIST 3

 1 56 / 63 HaRitHa 2 54 / 63 Sebin 3 53 / 63 Anuja sundareshan 4 53 / 63 Arun aravind 5 52 / 63 Faiz 6 51 / 63 aparna B 7 51 / 63 Veni 8 51 / 63 Anaswarakp 9 51 / 63 Akshay k 10 51 / 63 Minnu 11 50 / 63 Zehmat 12 50 / 63 Hima 13 49 / 63 Sreejith tk 14 48 / 63 AISHU 15 47 / 63 Prasee 16 47 / 63 Aswaniraj 17 46 / 63 Mumtaz 18 46 / 63 Ganga 19 45 / 63 Hannath N M 20 45 / 63 Arya... 21 44 / 63 Greesh 22 44 / 63 ANU M 23 43 / 63 Archana 24 43 / 63 Nirosha 25 43 / 63 CG 26 43 / 63 Nisham 27 43 / 63 Nikhil Murali 28 43 / 63 Suneesh 29 43 / 63 Aswathy 30 43 / 63 remya basanth 31 42 / 63 Haritha 32 41 / 63 Mohamed Hafeez 33 41 / 63 Aswati 34 41 / 63 salma  35 41 / 63 Akhila Ag 36 40 / 63 Gp 37 40 / 63 Aleena 38 40 / 63 Aami 39 40 / 63 Vrindha  40 39 / 63 Aiswaryasajeevan  41 38 / 63 Spread a smile 42 38 / 63 ashlin stanly 43 38
Read more